Bolivia: ¿A qué cultivos transgénicos apunta la Ley de Revolución Productiva Comunitaria?
Patricia Molina *
Este es un blog bilingüe fundado en mayo de 2004, dedicado a proveer perspectivas críticas sobre biotecnología y bioseguridad … This is a bilingual blog, founded in May 2004, dedicated to providing critical perspectives on biotechnology and biosafety. Contact: ruiz@tutanota.com.
Patricia Molina *
La empresa Pioneer Hi Bred inauguró ayer el primer laboratorio de investigación bioagrícola en Puerto Rico con el que creará 60 nuevos empleos directos.
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El gobernador Luis Fortuño participó de la actividad y durante su mensaje destacó que se trata de la tercera expansión de operaciones de industrias en menos de un mes.
“Estos anuncios evidencian el repunte de nuestra economía, donde cada día más industrias reconocen los beneficios de invertir en Puerto Rico”, alegó.
La empresa tiene presencia en la Isla desde el 1989, pero decidió establecer un laboratorio que permitirá seleccionar materiales genéticos superiores para los agricultores del mundo.
A través del mismo se busca desarrollar semillas de maíz, soya, sorgo y girasol que sean resistentes a las plagas, lo que permitirá reducir el uso de los plaguicidas en la agricultura.
El director de investigación para las Américas de Pioneer- Hi Bred, Geoff Grah, destacó la importancia de las nuevas operaciones destacando que con la crisis de alimentos que se avecina es pertinente hacer cosas nuevas. “En los próximos 40 años vamos a poner más de tres mil millones de personas en este planeta y tenemos que pensar cómo vamos a alimentarlos”, dijo.
Explicó que cuando empezaron con la empresa había una hectárea por persona para alimentarlos; en el 2040 serán 2.5 hectáreas por persona. “Sabemos que lo podemos hacer, pero tenemos que hacer cosas diferentes y eso es la razón de poner este laboratorio. Con lo que podemos hacer ahora vamos a hacer productos mejores y más rápido”, sostuvo Grah.
Etiquetas: es, Pioneer, Puerto Rico
Etiquetas: Camila Montecinos, Chile, es, Semillas, UPOV
August 10, 2011 marks 50 years since Agent Orange was first used by the US military in its war against Vietnam. Agent Orange was used for a decade, but its effects persist to this day, with three generations of exposed Vietnamese families and American veterans suffering from horrific birth defects and disabilities.
The 50th anniversary of Agent Orange will not be acknowledged with regrets or reparations by the US government or the American chemical companies, primarily Monsanto and Dow, who profited from its production and use.
Monsanto and Dow contaminated the land of Vietnam, destroyed the forests, killed, maimed, and crippled millions of people, but never admitted responsibility or paid a cent in compensation to the victims and their families.
Instead, Monsanto and Dow continue to profit from their poisons. In fact, they are currently seeking approval for genetically modified crops that can withstand massive doses of 2,4-D, one of the herbicides used in Agent Orange.
Take action to stop Monsanto and Dow's new 2,4-D resistant corn & soy
And now, scientific evidence is mounting that Monsanto's best-selling herbicide RoundUp also causes birth defects. A new generation of babies born near fields of "RoundUp Ready" (genetically modified) soy in Argentina are suffering birth defects as terrible as those found in the Agent Orange contaminated areas of Vietnam. A new report published this month alleges that regulators and the pesticide industry have long known about the RoundUp-birth-defect link - some for more than two decades - but kept the details hidden from the general public.
According to the report, co-authored by a number of scientists and published by Earth Open Source, Monsanto's Roundup, the most widely used herbicide in the world, causes birth defects as well as "endocrine disruption, damage to DNA, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, and cancer" at amounts equivalent to pesticide residue found on produce.
In honor of the victims of Monsanto's Agent Orange on the 50th anniversary of its first use, Len Aldis of the Britain-Vietnam Friendship Society is calling for "an international ban on all products of Monsanto and that would and must include GMO."
Sign the petition for justice for the victims of Agent Orange
THIRD WORLD NETWORK BIOSAFETY INFORMATION SERVICE
Dear Friends and colleagues,
RE: The High Costs of GM Soy
The rapid adoption of GM soy may have brought about wealth to those who grow the crop but the “green gold” is also the source of despair to many living in its midst and to the environment.
Since GM soy came onto the scene in South America it has become common to hear of reports of people suffering from the devastating consequences of herbicide intoxication. Most of the GM soy grown is resistant to the herbicide RoundUp which therefore allows for its widespread use to kill weeds without harming the soy crop.
Besides the health effects the enthusiasm for the crop has also meant that more and more land is needed, often crowding out many rural communities and indigenous peoples from their land as well as resulting in encroachment on forests and natural habitats leading to biodiversity loss.
Such effects are happening in Paraguay (Item 1) and Argentina (Item 2) but the story is easily replicated across many parts of South America where GM soy has come to rule the vast lands in the continent.
With best wishes,
Third World Network
131 Jalan Macalister,
10400 Penang,
Malaysia
Email: twnet@po.jaring.my
Website: www.biosafety-info.net and www.twnside.org.sg To subscribe to other TWN information mailing lists: www.twnnews.net
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Item 1
GM soy: the high cost of the quest for 'green gold'
Louise Gray
The Telegraph, 17 May 2011
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8518048/GM-soy-the-high-cost-of-the-quest-for-green-gold.html
*Scientists and villagers in rural Paraguay are questioning the health and environmental impact of GM soy. Louise Gray reports.
The green shack where Petrona Villasboa lives in Itapua is surrounded by shimmering fields. It represents a lucrative golden harvest for some but, for this grieving mother, it has become a symbol of death. The crop that dominates this impoverished area of rural southern Paraguay is genetically modified (GM) soy, and she blames it for her son's death. "Soy destroys people's lives," Petrona says. "It is a poison. It is no way to live."
Sitting outside her home, the mother of eight describes the day in January
2003 when 11-year-old Silvino Talavera arrived home. He had cycled to the stalls by the nearest main road to buy some meat and rice for a family meal.
"I was washing clothes down by the river, and he came to tell me that as he'd ridden along the community road, which runs through the soy fields, he'd been sprayed by one of the 'mosquitoes'," she says. (''Mosquitoes'' are what locals call the pesticide or herbicide crop-spraying machines pulled by tractors.) "He smelt so bad that he took his clothes off and jumped straight in the water."
Petrona did not think much more about it. For peasant communities living amid the soy fields, chemical spraying is a frequent occurrence. But later that day, she says the whole family fell ill after eating the food that Silvino had bought.
"Silvino was violently sick. He said, 'Mummy, my bones ache' and then his skin went black'," she says.
By the time they had begged a lift to the nearest hospital. Silvino was unable to move. His stomach was pumped, but he had lost consciousness. Petrona was told her son was ''paralysed by intoxication''. All doctors could do was to offer pain relief. Within a few hours he was dead.
Item 2
15 years of GM soybeans in Argentina
The true cost of monoculture
Dario Aranda and Nina Holland
Mondiall News, 7 June 2011
http://www.mo.be/en/article/15-years-gm-soybeans-argentina
*Intoxication, massive clearing, loss of biodiversity, forced evictions, land concentration and murder. The dark sides of 15 years of soy monoculture, a model driven by businesses and governments.
The only scientific evidence for the approval of GM soy in Argentina were research data provided by Monsanto. Monsanto produces both soy seed as well as the herbicide Roundup (glyphosate), a product that GM soy has been made resistant to. The “scientific” dossier with data on Roundup Ready soy's safety counts only 146 pages. The approval took place in record time: 81 days during the summer of 1996. Since then, RoundupReady soy is cultivated on a large scale - and the use of Roundup has also increased exponentially.
Etiquetas: en, Paraguay, Soy, Third World Network
Etiquetas: Chile, es, Video, Video Espanol
THIRD WORLD NETWORK BIOSAFETY INFORMATION SERVICE
Dear Friends and colleagues,
RE: Conflict of Interest and Results of Studies on GMOs
A study published in the journal Food Policy concludes that financial or professional conflict of interest influences the outcome of articles published in peer-reviewed journals that report on health risks or nutritional value of genetically modified food products.
It shows that studies where such conflict of interest exists are more likely to produce conclusions in favor of product commercialization, as opposed to studies which are free from such affiliations.
The study also noted that articles without declaration of funding tend to relate to a favorable outcome, and they have one or more authors affiliated to industry.
These results support the overall view that scientific publications on the risk analysis of GM products should clearly declare all affiliations, both financial and professional, as the existence of such conflicts of interest are likely to be linked to study outcomes.
The full paper is available at: http://www2.grist.org/pdf/gmo_conflict.pdf
With best wishes,
Third World Network
131 Jalan Macalister,
10400 Penang,
Malaysia
Email: twnet@po.jaring.my
Website: www.biosafety-info.net and www.twnside.org.sg To subscribe to other TWN information mailing lists: www.twnnews.net
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Association of financial or professional conflict of interest to research outcomes on health risks or nutritional assessment studies of genetically modified products.
Diels, J., M. Cunha, et al. (2011). Food Policy 36: 197–203.
Abstract
Since the first commercial cultivation of genetically modified crops in 1994, the rapidly expanding market of genetically modified seeds has given rise to a multibillion dollar industry. This fast growth, fueled by high expectations towards this new commercial technology and shareholder trust in the involved industry, has provided strong incentives for further research and development of new genetically modified plant varieties.
Considering, however, the high financial stakes involved, concerns are raised over the influence that conflicts of interest may place upon articles published in peer-reviewed journals that report on health risks or nutritional value of genetically modified food products. In a study involving 94 articles selected through objective criteria, it was found that the existence of either financial or professional conflict of interest was associated to study outcomes that cast genetically modified products in a favorable light (p = 0.005). While financial conflict of interest alone did not correlate with research results (p = 0.631), a strong association was found between author affiliation to industry (professional conflict of interest) and study outcome (p < 0.001). We discuss these results by comparing them to similar studies on conflicts of interest in other areas, such as biomedical sciences, and hypothesize on dynamics that may help explain such connections.
……………………………………
Conclusion
The presence of COI (conflicts of interest) in scientific research does not imply actual behavior of study authors. But it does present a risk that the study outcome may be improperly influenced. This study has focused on how commercial interests may interfere with outcomes of risk and nutrition analysis studies of products derived from GM plants. This is a choice justified by the high financial stakes involved in the development of such products and the increasing weight of private funding in research in recent years.
Through statistical analysis of a selected population of studies in the described area, it could be shown that a combined analysis of COIs through professional affiliations or direct research funding are likely to influence the final outcome of such studies in the commercial interest of the involved industry. Our results partially confirm those observed in biomedical sciences, tobacco, alcohol and nutrition research.
Various hypothesis could be identified that may explain the observed association between study outcome and presence of financial COI:
publication restrictions imposed by industry funders; contractual agreements of authors with industry; industry bias favoring friendly research; and researchers that are sensitive to the financial interests of their industrial sponsors or employers.
Apart from the observed relations, it was considered that types of funding other than industry, such as governments and NGOs may also condition investigation. Additionally, values held by scientists may influence research outcomes as well.
Our data reinforce the need to that all affiliations whether financial or professional should be openly declared in scientific publications. In situations where health risk assessments or nutritional evaluation studies of GM products serve to inform decisionmakers, procedures could be developed to minimize the risk of decisions being taken based on study outcomes that have been influenced by conflicts of interest. This may best be achieved by giving preference towards peer-reviewed studies where no COI can be observed.
Etiquetas: en, Third World Network
THIRD WORLD NETWORK BIOSAFETY INFORMATION SERVICE
Dear Friends and colleagues,
RE: Growing Roundup-Resistant Weed Problem
The adoption of crops that are genetically engineered to tolerate the herbicide Roundup has resulted in a growing number of weed species that are resistant to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup, due to widespread use of the herbicide. This has also led to a decline in the effectiveness of glyphosate as a weed-management tool.
According to weed expert David Mortensen, during the period since the introduction of glyphosate-tolerant crops, the number of weedy plant species that have evolved resistance to glyphosate has increased dramatically, from zero in 1995 to 19 in June of 2010. Based on the most recent data, glyphosate-tolerant weeds were reported on 30,000 sites and affected up to 11.4 million acres, up from 3,251 sites covering about 2.4 million acres in 2007.
The cost of forestalling and controlling herbicide-tolerant weeds is estimated to cost farmers almost $1 billion each year, at an additional cost of $10-20 per acre.
The trend is set to continue and the problem of resistance may worsen if multiple herbicide-tolerant crops are introduced, as increased use of herbicides is expected.
With best wishes,
Third World NetworkPenn State weed scientist David Mortensen.
(PhysOrg.com) -- When Penn State weed scientist David Mortensen told members of the U.S. House Oversight Committee this summer that the government should restrict the use of herbicide-tolerant crops and impose a tax on biotech seeds to fund research and educational programs for farmers, it caused quite a stir.
A short documentary by Organic Spies details the corrupting influence of large multinational food companies at the Organic Trade Association (OTA).
Please watch the movie and take action here
Organic Spies made news by releasing information on the financial interests and campaign contributions of the companies that are represented on the OTA board, but the underlying story of Food Inc.'s efforts to co-opt and water down organic while protecting their interest in industrial agriculture's GMOs and factory farms, goes back to very start of the National Organic Program.
A case in point is Oregon's Measure 27 (2002), the first ballot initiative effort to require food companies to label products that contain genetically modified ingredients. The Organic Trade Association ostensibly supported the measure, but didn't chip in financially.
The food and crop-biotechnology industries raised a war chest to fight the ballot measure. Ironically, some of these companies already had stakes in organic and some had subsidiaries that were members of OTA.
General Mills (currently represented on the OTA board by Craig Weakly of Small Planet Foods), H.J. Heinz Co. (invested in the Hain-Celestial Group), PepsiCo (Tropicana and Quaker produce a few organic products), and Kellogg's (owns Kashi), joined a coalition of corporate giants - the "Coalition Against the Costly Labeling Law" - including chemical makers Monsanto and DuPont, agribusiness ConAgra, food processor Sara Lee, the pesticide lobbying group CropLife and the junk food lobbying group the Grocery Manufacturers Association, in spending some $5.5 million to defeat mandatory GMO labels.
By contrast, the pro-label group, Oregon Concerned Citizens for Safe Foods, raised only about $100,000 in cash, loans and in-kind contributions and had already spent about $72,000 to collect signatures, when Food Inc. rolled in with $5.5 million to spend on advertising. The Safe Foods group's largest contributor was Mel Bankoff, founder of Emerald Valley Kitchen Inc., a Eugene, OR organic food company, who gave $47,500, most of it in loans, state records show. The second largest donor was the Organic Consumers Association.
By 2005, the same companies that defeated the Oregon GMO Truth-In-Labeling ballot measure worked through the OTA to execute a sneak attack on organic standards. As Melanie Warner of the New York Times reported at the time,
"Senate and House Republicans on the Agriculture appropriations subcommittee inserted a last-minute provision into the department's fiscal 2006 budget specifying that certain artificial ingredients could be used in organic food.
"The Organic Trade Association, an industry lobbying group that proposed the amendment and spent several months pushing for its adoption, says that the measure will encourage the continued growth of organic food.
"Some advocacy groups, however, say the amendment will weaken federal organic food standards, first established under a 1990 law. Ronnie Cummins, national director of the Organic Consumers Association, calls the initiative a "sneak attack engineered by the likes of Kraft, Dean Foods and Smucker's."
"Dean Foods' subsidiary Horizon Organic and the J.M. Smucker Company, the owner of Knudsen and Santa Cruz Organic juices, said they supported the work by the Organic Trade Association, which represents both large and small companies in the business, but did no lobbying on their own."
It has only gotten worse in the last 6 years, and as the Organic Spies documentary reveals, OTA's board has been "modified" by the GMO interests of Food Inc.
Etiquetas: en, Organic Consumers Association, Organic Trade Association
Etiquetas: ANAMURI, Chile, CLOC, es, Via Campesina
Rosa Rojas
Corresponsal
Periódico La Jornada
Sábado 4 de junio de 2011, p. 35
La Paz, 3 de junio. La propuesta de legalizar el uso de transgénicos en Bolivia –contenida en el proyecto de ley de revolución productiva, comunitaria y agropecuaria, el cual fue entregado a la Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional por el presidente Evo Morales– recibió la aceptación de los agroindustriales y el rechazo de ecologistas, quienes prevén una catástrofe
, sobre todo para el material genético nativo de papa, de la cual el país es centro de origen, y que afectará la soberanía alimentaria nacional en favor de las empresas transnacionales.
La norma prevé que el Ejecutivo, con el propósito de lograr la soberanía alimentaria, establecerá un marco normativo para control de la producción, importación y comercialización de productos genéticamente modificados
, lo que aplaudió el presidente de la Asociación Nacional de Productores de Oleaginosas (Anapo), que agrupa a los grandes agroindustriales de la soya de Santa Cruz, quien señaló que con la autorización de la producción de transgénicos se permitirá mayor competitividad, reportó el matutino Página 7.
On May 6, El Salvador’s president, Mauricio Funes, visited an agricultural cooperative in the municipality of Jiquilisquo in the department of Usulutan to speak about the government’s investments in the country’s agricultural producers and its efforts to achieve food sovereignty. His speech was timed with the start of the growing season, and Mr. Funes spoke of how his administration plans to change the so-called agricultural investment patterns of the past twenty years (aka: the ARENA party’s patterns) to one that truly supports farmers and improves rural livelihoods. While he said that the current practice of distributing seed packets would continue, low-interest loans would be available from the country’s two state-owned development banks for up to $3,000 to invest in farming equipment or other agricultural necessities. Funes also promised more technical assistance to improve agricultural practices, and that the government plans on buying a percentage of the corn and bean harvest to distribute to small businesses in the most depressed regions of the country, allowing those businesses to be able to sell those staples at lower than average prices – but he did not elaborate on how much money the government would be investing in these programs. Ironically, while the president was having his picture taken sowing corn seeds into a freshly tilled plot of land, other regions of the country found chaos erupting because agricultural producers were having troubles accessing the seed packets the government was promising. (The seed packets are a seed-fertilizer combo deal.)
During his speech, President Funes repeatedly alluded to “food sovereignty.” Food sovereignty refers to the rights of the farmers and people of each country and region to choose their own food and agricultural systems instead of succumbing to pressures by international corporations and governments. Funes said that by 2014, his vision was that 100% of the seeds farmers sow in their fields were seeds from El Salvador. No more seed importation. And while he did not directly say so, what this implies is that by 2014, El Salvador hopes to no longer buy genetically modified seeds from Monsanto (primarily from its local subsidiary, Semillas Cristiani Burkard). Let’s look at some figures: El Salvador imports 95% of fresh fruits and vegetables sold, 40% of the corn, and 30% of the beans. Of the basic grains cultivated domestically, 70% are primarily for home consumption – they never reach the market. These figures imply that El Salvador is not very food secure at all. One way to encourage more planting it to make seeds more accessible and cheaper. Buying imported seeds that are genetically modified each year is a significant expense for many farmers. The Mangrove Association is working on improving the quality and quantity of locally grown seeds. They currently work with farmers to implement sustainable agriculture practices, and help promote diversified crops. They have plans in the works to convert large tracts of sugar cane into corn fields – corn to be used for seeds. The benefits of using seeds that have been adapted to the particular climate and soil of a region are numerous. All other factors being equal, local seeds have been shown to have increased resistance to diseases and pests, require less fertilizer and even water because the plants have become acclimatized to El Salvador, and El Salvador is where they will grow the best. I personally hope that local seed production increases significantly; I have been unable to find any local seeds for the aquaponics system I’m working with! No lettuce, tomato, melon, cucumbers – only from Semillas Christiani or another company based in Guatemala. If the Mangrove Association succeeds, and other groups step in, this could be a boon to all agricultural producers in El Salvador.
*Information taken from articles of the May 6 editions of el Diario de Hoy and La Prensa Grafica, and an article from AlterNet by C. Martinez on May 26.*
Etiquetas: Central America, El Salvador, en
Etiquetas: en, English Video, Organic Consumers Association, Organic Trade Association, Video
May 29, 2011
Protesters have destroyed a controversial GM field trial in Belgium.
In Wetteren, a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders, activists succeeded in damaging the GM potatoes being trialled for blight resistance, despite a large contingent of police officers who had been ordered to guard the GM trial. The officers were unable to stop the 300-400 or more peaceful protesters of all ages, who included local people.
During the protest organized by the Belgian Field Liberation Movement (FLM) - an informal collective consisting of farmers, scientists, consumers, and environmental activists, protesters climbed over a high fence and pulled up GM potato plants. The trial was also allegedly sprayed with herbicide. Some 40 people were arrested.
The non-violent direct action had been announced in advance with the FLM saying they planned to remove the GM potatoes and replant the field with non-GM blight resistant potatoes in a peaceful and public manner.
A sympathetic farmer was quoted as saying, "They [the GM lobby] talk a lot about farmers, but we are never heard. This type of action strengthens us and seems like the only way forward for consumers and small producers who are independent of powerful interest groups like big agribusiness."
European protests against genetically modified crops.
World Food Day is October 16, 2011. That means there are only 4 months left to get 1,000,000 people to sign our petition to label GMO foods and organize 435 Millions Against Monsanto demonstrations nationwide.
Getting everyone you meet to join the Millions Against Monsanto campaign should be easy - upwards of 90% of the public already agrees that foods made with genetically modified organisms should be labeled - but if you need some ammunition and inspiration to inspire you to spread the word, look no further than these 10 scary reasons to label GMOs:
#1 Monsanto's Bt-toxin, in its Bt-producing GMO corn and cotton (used in food in the form of cottonseed oil), was found by Canadian doctors in the blood of 93% of pregnant women and 80% of the umbilical blood of their babies.
#2 The authors of the Canadian study conclude that the women and their babies were exposed to Monsanto's GMO Bt-toxin through a "normal" non-organic Canadian diet, including non-organic (so-called "natural" and "conventional") meat, egg, and dairy products from animals fed Bt corn.
#3 Monsanto's GMO "Bt" corn and cotton plants are engineered to produce a insecticide in every cell of the plant that kills insects by breaking open their stomachs.
#4 Mice fed Monsanto's Bt corn had elevated levels of immune system substances that are also higher in humans who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, cancer, allergies, Lou Gehrig's disease, autoimmune disease, and colitis.
#5 Young mice in the same study had elevated T-cells, which are increased in people with asthma, and in children with food allergies, juvenile arthritis, and connective tissue diseases.
#6 Monsanto's GMO Bt-toxin has properties of known allergens - it actually fails the World Health Organization's allergen screening tests.
#7 Monsanto's GMO Bt-toxin has been found to bind with the small intestines in mice and with intestinal tissue in rhesus monkeys.
#8 In addition to its GMO "Bt" crops which are engineered to produce insecticide, Monsanto also produces GMO "RoundUp Ready" crops, engineered with a bacterial DNA that allows it to survive otherwise deadly doses of its herbicide RoundUp.
#9 In the only human feeding study ever published on GMOs, Monsanto's GMO "RoundUp Ready" soybeans were found to transfer Monsanto's "RoundUp Ready" DNA to the bacteria living inside human intestines.
#10 According to Jeffrey Smith of the Institute for Responsible Technology, the transfer of Monsanto's GMO Bt DNA to human digestive bacteria could create a "living pesticide factory" that could be responsible for the "increase in gastrointestinal problems, autoimmune diseases, food allergies, and childhood learning disorders - since 1996 when Bt crops came on the market."
Take Action:
Tell the President, VP, Congress & FDA to label GMOs!
Tell your State Legislators to label GMOs!
Tell the top 6 US food retailers to label GMOs!
Tell Whole Foods Market to label GMOs!
Tell Trader Joe's to label GMOs!
Tell Kellogg's to label their GMO ingredients!
Tell Kraft to label their GMO ingredients!
Tell ice cream companies to label ingredients produced with GMO growth hormones!
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Etiquetas: en, Labeling, Organic Consumers Association