• Is Bigger Better, or is Small The Future ?
  
  Organic Consumers Association, August 2, 2008
  
  

by Jim Goodman, Wisconsin Organic Farmer and Member of the Policy Advisory Board of the Organic Consumers Association

Bigger is always better isn't it? Big cars, big houses, big business, big farms. If you were big you made more money. Clearly, that is way of the world. When Europeans colonized the Americas they wanted more land, not some of, all of it. Napoleon wanted more land. Nothing stopped him until Waterloo.

Perhaps we, the human race, have reached our Waterloo? Have we finally hit the wall with our never ending desire for "bigness"? I decided years ago that I didn't want my farming operation to get bigger. I liked milking 45 cows, raising their feed and doing a little direct marketing. I liked being small.

"Hopelessly behind the times" I was told. Local cheese makers were giving up, local meat processing was a thing of the past. Small farming was dead. The developing world couldn't feed itself and needed industrial farming systems.

Who could argue with the Green Revolution? Until the current food crisis. Not so much a shortage of food, but a shortage of cheap food. The poor can't afford to eat and the middle class feels the pinch. Why wasn't industrial agriculture, farming fence row to fence row, feeding the world?

And there's the rub, feeding the world was never the intention. Back in the 70's well meaning researchers and eager graduate students, myself included, were convinced we could eliminate hunger in our lifetime. We had good intentions, but the big picture was always about making a profit.

Farmers, using cheap fuel, fertilizer and plenty of chemicals, could plant more acres, produce enough volume and generally make a profit. This, of course, benefited the seed and chemical companies who long ago figured out that small farmers saving their own seed and tending small acreages didn't spend much money.

The big meat packers and dairy processors anticipated the end of local processing. Their market share increased and they grew larger. By breaking the labor unions they could pay lower wages, bring in immigrant workers, increase profits and grow even larger.

It was a grand plan, agribusiness corporations were increasing profit margins quarter after quarter. The bigger they grew the better it worked. Prices paid for animals, milk and grain fell as farms grew larger and produced more. Small farmers couldn't compete as per unit profit margins fell and only the larger producers could survive.

And it continued. Oil prices went up and farmers were urged to grow more corn for ethanol. More land went into corn production, wheat acreage fell, pastures were planted to corn, speculation pushed prices up and food prices soared. The International Monetary Fund estimates that 50% of the increase in food price was due to ethanol production. Instead of feeding the world, industrial agriculture starves it.

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